Which condition is signaled when the receiver's window size becomes zero and probes are sent?

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Multiple Choice

Which condition is signaled when the receiver's window size becomes zero and probes are sent?

Explanation:
In TCP flow control, the receiver tells the sender how much data it can accept with the window size field in ACKs. When the receiver’s buffer is full, it advertises a window size of zero. That signals the sender to stop transmitting. To avoid a stall, the sender sends zero-window probes—small segments with little or no data—to force a response from the receiver. When the window has opened again, the receiver advertises a nonzero window in its ACK, and transmission can resume. So the situation described is the zero window condition, actively managed by zero-window probes to reopen the window. The other options refer to different TCP or DNS mechanisms (loss recovery, MSS during handshake, DNS extensions) and don’t describe this flow-control signaling.

In TCP flow control, the receiver tells the sender how much data it can accept with the window size field in ACKs. When the receiver’s buffer is full, it advertises a window size of zero. That signals the sender to stop transmitting. To avoid a stall, the sender sends zero-window probes—small segments with little or no data—to force a response from the receiver. When the window has opened again, the receiver advertises a nonzero window in its ACK, and transmission can resume. So the situation described is the zero window condition, actively managed by zero-window probes to reopen the window. The other options refer to different TCP or DNS mechanisms (loss recovery, MSS during handshake, DNS extensions) and don’t describe this flow-control signaling.

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